Unit 5: The Evolutionary History of Diversity Animations   Study Guide

Chapter 26 Phylogeny and The Tree of Life Review
  1. is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships of organisms, based on shared characters inherited from a common .
     
     
     
     
  2. Carolus Linnaeus introduced a system of , for classifying species in seven hierarchical categories (taxa).
     
     
     
     
  3. Phylogenetic relationships are shown as branching trees where each branch point represents the of two when they shared a common (homology).
     
     
     
     
    • similarity can be misleading due to evolution (analogy).
       
       
       
       
    • homologies that make use of computer programs to analyze segments can reveal many relationships not attainable by other methods.
     
     
     
     
  4. Shared ancestry and shared characters are drawn on a to show evolutionary relationships; this practice is called .
     
     
     
     
  5. A clade must be , and consists of the species and all its descendants;
     
     
     
     
  6. The tree of life is divided into three great clades called : (Monera), , and . 
     
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