Unit 5: The Evolutionary History of Diversity
Animations
Study Guide
Chapter 34
Vertebrates
Review
Vertebrates possess
, and are a
subphylum
of
phylum
.
Craniates
are chordates that have a
and includes
hagfishes.
are craniates that have a
, made of
vertebrae.
are vertebrates that have
that evolved from skeletal supports of the
pharyngeal
slits.
include sharks and rays with a
skeleton
made of
.
are fish with a
endoskeleton.
are
ray-finned
fishes.
are lobe-finned fishes with more muscular pelvic and pectoral fins and include
coelacanths
and
lungfishes,
Tetrapods are gnathostomes that have
limbs, and evolved from
lobe-finned
fish whose fins developed into
limbs
adapted for terrestrial life.
undergo
from aquatic larva into a terrestrial
adult.
There are
orders:
are salamanders,
are frogs and toads, and
are caecilians.
Amniotes
are
that have an
egg adapted for terrestrial
life.
Living
reptiles
include
,
,
,
, and
.
Mammalia
are the only surviving clade of
among the amniotes.
Monotremes
are the only mammals that lay
.
Marsupials
are born early and complete embryonic
development
within a maternal pouch called
.
Eutherians are
mammals that complete their embryonic development within a
, joined to the mother by the
placenta.
Primates have opposable
adapted for
. The
anthropoids
include
monkeys
and
hominoids
called
.
Hominin
originated in
about 6-7 million years ago.
The earliest species in our genus was
Homo
.
Homo
was the first fully bipedal, large-brained hominin.
Homo
was the first hominin to leave Africa.
Homo
neanderthalensis
became extinct a few thousand years after the arrival of humans (
Homo
).
Homo sapiens
are
hominin
capable of
thought.
Summary: Characteristics of chordates
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Dec 13, 2009
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