NOVA: What Darwin Never Knew (2009)

Index
Peter's DVD rating: 4.5 stars
PBS Video online
16:10Descent with modification: Giant armadillo and sloth fossils in South America 18:00 Snake embryo have leg bumps , whale embryos have teeth 18:45 Human embryo have gill slits that become bones of inner ear
21:00 Artificial selection: variation in dogs : whippet bred by crossing greyhound with terrier 26:00 Galapagos finches have different beaks adapted to different foods 31:30 Rock Pocket Mouse living on desert rock has light fur,
31:50 Rock Pocket Mouse has dark fur on volcanic soil due to mutation (Pinacate Desert, Arizona) 42:00Human Genome Project completed in 2003 and showed 23,000 genes 44:00 Vertebrate embryos look similar (chicken, turtle, bat, human; share same body plan genes
47:30 Fruit fly with spots differ in paintbrush gene; performs mating dance 49:40Switch in junk DNA from spotted fly is inserted into spotless fly, together with glowing gene from jellyfish, producing spotted recombinant fly 55:00 Stickleback in freshwater lake has lost spikes on belly, unlike ocean stickleback due to mutation in switch for body-plan gene, but has lopsided remnants (British Columbia)
59:00 Manatees have lopsided pelvic bones 1:00:00Galapagos finches differ in body-plan gene expression in embryos , but same regulatory genes 1:10:30 Flat-headed fossil fish Tiktaalik had flat head with upward-pointing eyes and arm-like fins 375 MYA
1:14:00 Paddlefish HOX genes determine fin development and also in human arm bones 1:26:50 Human hand can touch all 4 fingers with thumb controlled by DNA switch in thumb development when injected into mouse 1:33:20 Muscle-making gene has deletion of 2 nucleotides used for closing the jaw when a chimp chews
1:36:20Hansell Stedman proposes the weakened jaw muscles allow for bigger skull in humans 1:40:0021 differnt gene mutations in brain development causes microcephaly and very different from chimp gene 1:46:00Most molecular differences between chimp and human are in DNA switches especially for cortex development
armadillo
16:10 Giant armadillo
snake embryo
18:00 Snake embryo have leg bumps
human embryo
18:45 Human embryo have gill slits
dogs
21:00 Artificial selection: variation in dogs
finch beak
26:00 Galapagos finches have different beaks
Chaetodipus intermedius
31:30 Rock Pocket Mouse
Chaetodipus intermedius
31:50 Rock Pocket Mouse has dark fur on volcanic soil
mutation
31:50 due to mutation
human genes
42:00 23,000 genes
vertebrate embryos
44:00 Vertebrate embryos
Fruit fly
47:30 Fruit fly with spots
recombinant fly
49:40 spotted recombinant fly
lake stickleback
55:00 Stickleback in freshwater lake
ocean stickleback
55:00 ocean stickleback
Manatees
59:00 Manatees have lopsided pelvic bones
finch embryos
1:00:00 embryos
Tiktaalik
1:10:30 Flat-headed fossil fish Tiktaalik
Polyodontidae
1:14:00 Paddlefish
fin
1:14:00 fin development
arm
1:14:00 and also in human arm bones
hand
1:26:50 Human hand
thumb
1:26:50 DNA switch in thumb development
muscle
1:33:20 Muscle-making gene
chimp
1:33:20 chimp chews
human
1:36:20 bigger skull in humans
brain
1:40:00 gene mutations in brain development
DNA
1:46:00 DNA switches
cortex
1:46:00 cortex development
   

Index Mar 07, 2010 CC BY 4.0 Peter Chen 2.0