Viagra
NO emission toxic -> nitric acid, react w ozone.
Nitrous = N
2O laughing gas, greenhouse.
local_signaling
Epidermal growth factor by submandibular gland, parotid gland, Salivary EGF.
Para: beside, near.
long-distance_signaling
Exocrine: into ducts: tear salivary, mammary.
ion_channels
Facilitated diffusion diff: ligand and ions.
G-protein
Epinephrine as signal.
phosphorylation_cascade
Phosphatases off.
nuclear
Transcription factor mentioned in
11&E
===
11&E
Build Signaling Pathway - skip 2 iP3; 3 needs 3 (transcript factor); 4 needs 6 (protein kinase); 5 needs 3.
- leukocytes.
Helper T cells stimulate B cells (bone marrow) make antibodies (Immunoglobulins), and help killer T cells develop.
Cytotoxic (killer) T (bone marrow, mature in thymus) cells
recognize surface markers on own cells for destruction: virus-infected or tumor.
- Paracrine:
growth factor: protein, repair damaged tissue, scar tissue formation, clotting.
- Dopamine
sympathetic nervous system, increased heart rate/blood pressure; cannot cross the blood-brain barrier: synthetic precursor L-DOPA
for Parkinson's disease.
Pleasure cocaine, amphetamines.
- Serotonin
sleep, appetite.
- Progesterone made by corpus luteum in ovary and placenta,
induces development of endometrium of uterus and mammary glands.
- G-protein GTP-binding regulatory protein, is a kinase;
- Kinase: from Greek knein, to move: an enzyme -> transfer phosphate group (from ATP to tyrosine)
- Ligand-gated ion channels:
neurotransmitters (acetylcholine)
Action potential: voltage-gated channel rathern than ligand-gated?
- Active transport animation.
- Viagra inhibits hydrolysis of cGMP to GMP, prolonging the vasodilation effect of Nitric oxide (NO), prescribed for chest pains.