protista
QR74.5 .B565 2004 The biology of protists
(Circulation Desk) Ciliates has animation of cilia movement.
eukarya
Unikonta include Fungi, Animalia: single/no flagellum.
plastid
Chromoplasts make/store pigments; amyloplasts store starch.
euglenozoa
Not all green
trypanosoma
Tsetse biting flies feed on blood; can break b-b barrier.
plasmodium
Zygote -> meiosis. SOME gametocytes (n) reinfect RBC. Fever: merozoites released from RBC?
dino
Cellulose from photo hard to digest; carotenoids. dinos=whirling; deinos=terrible.
ciliates
REVU
conjugation.
amoebozoans
Slime molds not fungi!
cellular
Aggregate amoebae like scifi/horror movie; 200 µm not quite visible.
plasmodial
Acellular (multinucleate)=diploid. See streaming in middle; maybe largest cell but G. algae Caulerpa.
diatom
Yellow, not green; oil for biofuel?
seaweed
BBC-BluePlanet/3.5_SeasonalSeas/#13:25
Kelp/bryozoans/Sea Otter feeds on shellfish
BBC-PlanetEarth/3.3_ShallowSeas/#29:00
Kelp forest preyed by sea urchins, creating urchin barrens
red_alga-Nori
NORI. Agar (from agarose) is cell wall polysaccharide. Gelatin from collagen skin/bone.
green_alga
Supercell larger than plasmodial, snorkeling in intertidal.
volvox
Asexual not pregnant! Biflagellated like Chlamydomonas.
===
28&A
3: photosynthetic clades: Euglenid + Dino + Diatom; 17: Cellular slime mold is multicellular
1=d 6=d 8=a
1=e 6=c 8=a 11=c 18=c 20=d 23=c 25=b
- Gymnodinium catenatum
causes red tide and Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP): Saxitoxin neurotoxin accumulates in Mussels filter feeders.
Karenia brevis (formerly Gymnodinium breve.),
carotenoids.
- Greek deino: terrible; dino: to whirl.
- Diatomaceous earth
soft chalk-like sedimentary silica: filter, mild abrasive, mechanical insecticide, absorbent, cat litter,
component of dynamite.
- 2ndary endosymbiosis chlorarachniophytes: vestigial nucleus, plastids surrounded by 4 membranes:
inner and outer membranes of the ancient cyanobacterium, engulfed alga's plasma membrane, food vacuole.
- Conjugation:
The micronucleus divides by meiosis; 3 of the 4 resulting nuclei disintegrate as will the macronucleus.
The remaining haploid nucleus divides by mitosis producing an individual with 2 haploid nuclei.
Conjugating individuals each exchange one of the nuclei.
The 2 haploid nuclei then fuse producing a diploid nucleus.
- Eliminate transposons and other types of “selfish” DNA that can replicate within a genome.
During conjugation, foreign genetic elements are excised when micronuclei develop into macronuclei.
Up to 15% of a ciliate's genome may be removed in this way every time it undergoes conjugation.
- phyton: plant
- thallus: a plant body or fungus undifferentiated into stem, root, or leaf