Chapter 32: An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Cambrian Phanerozoic eon. Seascape: Wiwaxia and Sanctacaris. "paleobiology.si.edu/burgess/index.html|Strange Creatures - A Burgess Shale Fossil Sampler|National Museum of Natural History"
body_plan Ctenophora=comb jelly. Some flatworms (Planaria) are acoela.
triploblastic Archenteron surrounded by endoderm; coelom by mesoderm. Tube: mouth + anus.
Left is protostome.
coelom Pneumatic air-filled tires absorb shock. Mesoderm 2 layers.
acoelomate Planarians are acoelomates; most Platyhelminthes are Lophotrochozoa.
protostome Spiral: small cells in between larger cells at 8-cell stage: edges overlap.
deuterostome Coelom <- folding of archenteron (endo).
Ecdysozoa BBC-LifeInTheUndergrowth/1.2_TakingToTheAir/#42:50 17-year Cicada (play TakingToTheAir)
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32&A: Namatoda & Arthropoda are Ecdysozoa; #4 bilateral includes echinoderms. #5 diplo cnidaria. #6 triplo same as #7coelom. #7 coelome includes Nematodes. #8 Nematodes not coelom (psuedo).
1=a  b=c  d=c  4=e  5=b  6=c  7=b  8=e  9=e 10=d
1=b  2=b  3=b 24=c
1,2=Porifera  3=cnidaria  4,6=E, etc  5=cnidaria  7,8=E,XNematoda?  9=Nem  10=Mollusca,etc  11=E,C  12=
  1. Calcarea sponges: spicules composed of calcium carbonate; Silicarea:
  2. Chaetopterus - Class Polychaeta (Annelida) lives in mud flats in a leathery, open-ended U-shaped tube.
  3. germ: earliest form of an organism: seed, from gen.
  4. determinate: rigidly casts (“determines”) the developmental fate of each embryonic cell very early.
  5. Echinodermata: evolutionary origins of five-fold symmetry remain obscure. Larvae are plesiomorphically (primitive character) bilaterally symmetrical
  6. Lophophore: crown of ciliated tentacles that function in feeding. See Bryozoa video.
  7. Entero: intestine; schizo: split, cleavage