Unit 5: The Evolutionary History of Diversity Extras  Study Guide

Chapter 26 Phylogeny and The Tree of Life Review
  1. is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships of organisms.
     
     
     
     
  2. Carolus Linnaeus introduced a system of , for classifying species in seven hierarchical categories (taxa).
     
     
     
     
  3. Phylogenetic relationships are shown as branching trees where a branch point represents the divergence of two when they shared a common (homology).
     
     
     
     
    • similarity can be misleading due to evolution.
       
       
       
       
    • homologies can reveal many relationships not attainable by other methods.
     
     
     
     
  4. Shared ancestry and shared characters are drawn on a to show evolutionary relationships; this practice is called .
     
     
     
     
  5. A clade must be , and consists of the species and all its descendants.
     
     
     
     
  6. The tree of life is divided into three great clades called : (Monera), , and . 
     
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