Unit 5: The Evolutionary History of Diversity
Extras
Study Guide
Chapter 27
9
Review
Most
prokaryotes
are microscopic, and can be found almost
anywhere
.
The most common
shapes
are
(cocci),
(bacilli), and
.
Many bacteria exhibit
, the directional movement in response to a stimulus, by propelling themselves
with
.
The prokaryotic genome is usually a circular
ring
of DNA located in a
region, and the
membrane may be folded to perform specialized
functions
.
The cell wall of many prokaryotes is covered by a
protective
, and many also
form
in harsh conditions.
Prokaryotes are capable of genetic
via several
processes
.
Response to
stain classified bacterial species into two groups based on amount of
in the
cell
.
Molecular analysis has now revealed several
among the gram-negative
prokaryotes
, while another group is now assigned its own
domain
of
.
Many Archaea live in extreme conditions:
thrive in
hot
environments,
live in
saline
environments, and
live in
swamps
.
The gram-
bacteria
constitute their own clade.
Gram-
bacteria include
cyanobacteria
and
proteobacteria
.
Some prokaryotes are human
pathogens
by releasing
.
Bacteria diversity:
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